THE CONFORMIST (1970)–restored version on blu-ray
Discovering Bernardo Bertolucci’s movies in my youth was an amazing experience–they were lush and erotic, and seemed to radiate influence in many directions. THE CONFORMIST was one of the first films of his I saw, and it was a favorite. Over time, I realized that Bertolucci’s interest was in ridiculous men–a businessman, a hotel proprietor, an emperor, an architect, a scion of a landowning family, and a Fascist wanna-be.
Fabrizio in BEFORE THE REVOLUTION is Bertolucci’s first ridiculous man, but Clerici in THE CONFORMIST’s is my favorite. It may be that I grew bored through repetition in subsequent movies–same ridiculousness, same inability to resolve contradictions, same indulgence for male angst, ennui, and inability to resolve contradictions. But Clerici manifests a ridiculousness born of a desire to conform/be accepted/not be different. He is a betrayer who betrays his own betrayal–a conformist unhappy with his achievement of conformity. This difference may be accounted for by the fact that Bertolucci was adapting an Alberto Moravia novel, but nevertheless it enlivens the film (and Jean-Louis Trintignant is perfect in the role, expressive in gesture and facial expression even when doing nothing. It is an amazing performance).
Then there is Vittorio Storaro’s cinematography and Bertolucci’s mise-en-scene–a Fascist aesthetic to expose/explore Fascism. THE CONFORMIST may be the most stylized of the Storaro/Bertolucci collaborations (each one seems uniquely suited to its film), and the visual deliriousness plays in brilliant counterpoint to Clerici’s passivity.
Lastly, there is the homoerotic/queer element which hovers/hides in many Bertolucci films. Ingmar Bergman said that the problem with LAST TANGO IN PARIS was that Maria Schneider’s character should have been a boy, and for me the film possesses a queer/not queer appeal. We also have the erasure of male queer desire in THE LAST EMPEROR and THE DREAMERS, the presence of female queer desire in THE CONFORMIST and THE LAST EMPEROR, and the there/not there male queer desire of LUNA.
For me, THE CONFORMIST is Bertolucci’s most successful/honest iteration of the peek-a-boo queerness that haunts his films. I am not quite sure that repressed homosexuality will always lead to an embrace of fascism, but overall the film paints a desperate portrait of the need to conform and the price such a need exacts.